Part I Purpose of Publication and Research Methodology The White Paper on Human Rights in North Korea, which the Korea Institute for National Unification has published annually since 1996, aims to raise awareness of North Korean human rights issues at home and abroad and to provide related basic materials by objectively surveying and analyzing the North Korean human rights situation. The White Paper on Human Rights in North Korea 2023 incorporates information from in-depth interviews with 71 North Korean defectors who had lived in North Korea most recently before entering South Korea. These interviewees were selected with consideration of their demographic and social backgrounds. This White Paper 2023 classifies and analyzes the human rights situation in the North under the following parts: The Reality of Civil and Political Rights; The Reality of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; Vulnerable Groups; and Major Issues. ..........

Part Ⅰ Purpose of Publication and Research Methodology Part Ⅱ The Reality of Civil and Political Rights Part Ⅲ The Reality of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Part Ⅳ Vulnerable Groups PartⅤ Major Issues