Why has North Korea not collapsed in the wake of the fall of the Soviet Union? How has the monolithic state that Kim Il-sung built endured, even after he and his son have died? These chapters from Communism in Korea, the Woodrow Wilson Award winner of the American Political Science Association’s best book of 1974, explain that the North Korean system collapsed during the Korean War and has been rebuilt with the primary goal of defending itself against all internal and external enemies. Chapters 1 and 2 have been revised.